Effect of antimicrobial agents for the prevention of Streptococcus mutans biofilm formation

Abstract

Oral diseases especially Streptococcus mutans bacterial biofilm are the most significant issue among all the infectious diseases of the world. The present study is attempt to generate interest among the society regarding the potential natural alternatives of two medicinal plants such as-Cyndon dactylon or Pipper nigrum which are used for the prevention of Streptococcus mutans bacterial biofilm, detection of adhesion strength of S. mutans bacterial biofilm and structure determination of the isolated compounds using phytochemicals (Mass, IR, NMR) of analysis. Two types of medicinal plants such as Cyndon dactylon and Pipper nigrum were drying, washing and pulverization and added with ethyl acetate and methanol, filtration of the crude extracts, isolation and identifications of S. mutans biofilm sphectrophotometrically. The effect of different plant extracts on biofilm through antibacterial disc diffusion methods and biofilm formation methods were conducted. The extracts were isolated and purified using column chromatographic techniques and structure determination were using (NMR, IR, MASS) analysis. Finally the results of the crude ethyl acetate extract of Cyndon dactylon showed highest antimicrobial activities. The present results found three specific compounds from Cyndon dactylon- 3,7,11,15 tetramethyl hexadeca 2-4di en 1- 01, 3,7,11,15 tetramethyl hexadeca 2en 1-01 from phytol derivatives and Stigmasterol. Among the compounds 3,7,11,15 tetramethyl hexadeca 2en 1-01 showed the highest antimicrobial activities. The results further found that black pipper have two compounds - Piperine and Spathulenol and among the two compounds piperine showed highest antimicrobial activities.