Enhancement of Abiotic Stress Tolerance Through Somatic and Gametic Embryogenesis in Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.)

Abstract

The present work has been carried out to improve wheat through somatic and gametic embryogenesis using biotechnological approaches. To evaluate the effect of starvation in combination with NaCl in three wheat varieties viz. Akbar, Balaka and Kheri were considered and the evaluation procedures were done on the basis of callus viability, relative growth rate, tolerance index, relative water content, necrosis and regeneration. Here calli were pre-treated by different concentrations of NaCl and among the tested genotypes Kheri showed best (4.67%) performance on callus viability were higher. concentration of NaCl (3.25g/l) was used. The maximum values of RGR, TI and RWC were recorded in Kheri. To evaluate the effect of starvation four weeks old calli were taken and pre-treated them by different durations of starvation (0, 12h, 24h, 36h, 48h and 60h). Calli derived mature seeds of Kheri showed best performance on regeneration (21.33%) that incubated at 36 h starvation for four weeks and then cultured them in medium that contained with higher concentration of NaCl (3.25 g/1). From this finding it may be concluded that Balaka is salt sensitive genotype, whereas Kheri showed salt tolerant in nature based on their survival characteristic than Akbar……………….