Genetic variability of lablab bean (Lablab purpureus) and its implication in intercropping

Abstract

Bangladesh is an agro based country. Unfortunately the total food production is not enough to meet up the requirement of her population. Since the land area in our country is limited in respect of population. Bangladeshi people not only suffer from food deficient but also suffer from different nutritional deficiency like protein and calories as well as vitamins and minerals. All such malnutrition problems could have been considerably reduced if the people would have adequate access to vegetable of different kinds which are known to be rich in the entire requirement. Legume crop of our country meet up a vital portion of food and nutrition especially protein and carbohydrate. Some vegetables of legumenoceae family are very much popular for its own performance. Lablab bean is one of them. Lablab been has high yielding more adaptive capability in adverse consequence of environment. Many biochemical properties of bean pod is very much essential for fulfilling the requirement of human health. A wide range of variation is seen in lablab bean genotypes which cultivate in Bangladesh. Growing season, flowering pattern, pot shape, size, colour, biochemical composition showed many differences. Due to the circumstances the experimental and analytical apprise is needed to selecting practicable genotypes. In this study as many as thirteen quantitative and qualitative characters were analyzed by standard biomaterial analysis. Genetic variability was done on the field performance at four year of trial in Fruit Research Centre, Saympur, Binodpur, Rajshahi and Botanical Garden, Rajshahi University Campus. The result that the genotypic phenotypic and environmental effect on lablab bean. mean, standard error, variance, covariance, heritability, genetic advance analysis reported that have high genotype variation in al the selected characters for its mean difference, high heritability and genetic advance. Regression analysis in phenotypic and genotypic level showed significant results in many of the characters. The study on genotype and environmental interaction state that all of the yield and yield contributing characters were quantitative in nature and environmental impact is high. But in the nutritional traits only the protein and lipid value of green young pod has a promising breeding value. The climatic conditions of Bangladesh are suitable for cultivation of several vegetables. There is an excellent opportunity for the cultivation of multiple vegetables in one season in our country. For these regards in the experiment some winter vegetable and spices salad crop like onion, letuce, amaranth, puisak, stem amaranth were intercrop with popular main crop lablab bean. The result of the experiment revealed that all of the vegetables were more or less profitable than sole bean cultivation. As the result of first year experiment leafy vegetables were chosen for selecting more suitable intercropping model, lettuce showed highest benefit according to the cost benefit analysis and land equivalent ratio followed by red amarant and amaranth. Intercropping not only provides opportunity of effective utilize of land but also helps in reducing the risk of economic failure in case of natural hazards of market condition. It should determine to increase crop production in this limited land to meet up the food and nutritional deficit in this huge populated small country Bangladesh. From the methodological screening of lablab bean genotypes according to the adaptability high yielding capability and better notional values GBLB6 and GBLB9 are promising for fulfilling our requirement. At the same time some vegetables such as lettuce, amarant, red amaranth can provide substantial yield advantages compared to sole cropping. Wide range of variation is shown in lablab bean genotype especially yield contributing characters such as number of raceme-per plant, number of pod per raceme and also denote the great opportunity in suitable nutritional traits like protein and lipid content. Selecting by averse character study in variability and GxE suitable bean genotypes interaction were appropriate to cultivate with many other companion crop. The recommendation of the project is that most of the people of Bangladesh can achieve adequate food, proper nutrition and more benefit in agricultural practices.